<i>Artemisia<i> Species as Antitrypanosomal Agents: Treatment Challenges in African Trypanosomiasis and Chagas Disease
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Abstract
Trypanosomiasis is a serious public health issue in tropical and subtropical areas and is brought on by a group of parasites that are transmitted by insects. Trypanosoma brucei, which causes human African
trypanosomiasis, and Trypanosoma cruzi, which causes Chagas disease, are the two main species that affect people. Only a few medications are available for the treatment and prevention of these infections, and these medications have significant limitations including severe side effects, prolonged treatment times, low efficacy, and the emergence of drug-resistant strains. Better treatments are therefore urgently required. Some Artemisia spp. have shown mild cytotoxicity toward mammalian cells as well as antiparasitic action, including antitrypanosomal activity. They are an encouraging source for the identification of novel therapeutic agents for neglected tropical diseases in underdeveloped nations. In this review, the focus is to highlight the findings of recent studies on the activity of Artemisia spp. against trypanosomes as well as isolated compounds that have shown antitrypanosomal potential. All
Artemisia spp. with reported antitrypanosomal activity are included in this review as well as literature regarding the antiparasitic potential of common Artemisia spp. This review has been compiled by searching major databases including Google Scholar, Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, EBSCOhost, and Science Direct.
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